Perceptions regarding the degree of a person's fatigue and age are preferentially based on periorbital aesthetics. The armamentarium for treatment includes minimally invasive interventions such as makeup and cosmeceuticals, a variety of laser and chemical treatments, fillers and fat transfer, as well as more invasive surgical manoeuvres. An understanding of the deep and superficial anatomy is crucial to the management of this complex entity. This review provides a detailed discussion of the aetiology, pathogenesis, evaluation and management of infraorbital dark circles. A comprehensive review of the literature was performed and the data were assimilated with evidence from our practice. A literature search using MEDLINE and non-MEDLINE sources was performed utilising keywords including: ‘Dark circles’ ‘infraorbital dark circles’, ‘infraorbital pigment’, ‘under-eye circles’ and ‘lower eyelid bags’. A variety of treatment options exist, and a customised management strategy can be developed for the particular anatomic changes present. ![]() Infraorbital dark circles represent a common and multifactorial challenge in the world of aesthetic medicine and are the result of a variety of factors including deep facial anatomy, soft tissue changes, as well as contributions from the skin.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |